Steam or hot-water heater



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. I

- (No Model.) 4

J. J. BLAOKMORE.

STEAM 0R HOT WATER HEATER.

No.. 556,328. 7 I Patented Mar. 17, 1896.

cjiieaz Inmsaioz 2 sheets-sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. J. BLACKMORE. STEAM 0R HOT WATER HEATER.

No. 556,328. Patented Mar. 17, 1896.

Jiieaizy In mania".

ANDREW E GRAHAMPHOTOUIHQYIASHINGTONJL UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH J. BLACKMORE, OF BROOKLYN, NEXV YORK.

STEAM OR HOT-WATER HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,328, dated March 17', 1896.

Application filed June 28, 1895.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH J. BLACKMORE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Hotater Boilers, fully described and represented in the followin g specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of the present improvements is to furnish a simple and efficient construction for a cast-iron heating-boiler for use in the heating of water or generation of steam; and the invention consists primarily in the formation of the sections each with a portion of the water-leg to embrace the fire-box, such water-leg extending to the upper part of the section into connection with a steam-space within the top, and the sections having vertical water-plates projected from the walls of the water-leg inward over the fire-box, with the spaces between the water-plates in communication with a smoke-outlet. The waterplates are thus separated by vertical smokespaces and are open throughout their entire height into the water-leg, so that the water circulates freely from the water-leg within such plate, and the entire upper end of the plate opens into the steam-space, so as to permit the free circulation of water into the same and the free disengagement of the steam into such space. The sections are preferably, although not necessarily, made of semicylindrical shape, so that two sections may be employed to form a cylindrical boiler having a cylindrical fire-box, as represented in the drawings, and in such case the smoke-outlet is formed through the steam-space at the center of the boiler upon the joint of the sections. Some of the spaces between the sections are closed by the bottom of the steamchamber, and to discharge the smoke and gases from such spaces the upper corners of the water-plates are notched or sloped to form a horizontal passage beneath the steam-chamber, thus connecting the several smoke-spaces with the outlet-flue. The vertical sections are connected at the top and bottom by eX- ternal piping to furnish a common circulation between the sections, and the sections are also provided with a water-inlet at the bottom and with steam or water outlets at the top to con- Serial No. 554,394. (No model.)

nect the same with radiators or other apparatus.

The invention will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of the boiler made in two sections. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3 3 in Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line 4 4 in Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a vertical section on line 5 5 in Fig. 4, in perspective.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the separate sections are designated by the letters A and A.

B denotes the steam-chamber in the top of each section, having the water-leg O extended downward from the periphery of the same to the bottom of the fire-box E, which is inclosed laterally by the water-leg. I

The steam-chamber B is substantially fiat upon the under side to receive the impact of the flames and heated gases more directly.

D denotes the vertical water-plates, of which five are shown in the drawings, projected inwardly from the water-leg to the joint of the section and in open connection with the water-leg and the steam-chamber, as shown in Fig. 4.

O designates the smoke-outlet flue, which is formed of a semicylindrical passage in each section upon the joint thereof, as shown in Fig. 2, and formed with a collar 0 to receive a smoke-pipe.

The spaces cl between the water-plates open at the top into a passage J, which is formed beneath the bottom of the steam-chamber across the middle line of the boiler, in communication with the smoke-outlet O,by notching or sloping the upper corners of the waterplates, as at d in Figs. 4 and 5. The movement of the smoke from the spaces d into such passage is indicated by the arrows in Fig. 5. Bafiie-plates e are supported in the lower ends of the spaces d, over the center of the fire-box, to intercept the gases which are rising in a direct line with the smoke-outlet O, and thus direct the gases to the sides of the fire-box, as indicated by the arrows f. The baflie-plates are supported loosely upon ribs e, which are cast upon the water-plates, as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, and may be removed, if required, where the chimney-draft is deficient. The lower ends of the waterplates are extended horizontally to the center IOO line upon the joint of the sections, thus forming a partial roof over the fire-box and interceptin g and absorbing a great part of the heat radiated from the fuel. By this construction the water is not forced to circulate in horizontal passages, nor is it retarded in any manner from rising freely when lightened by the generation of steam, and the steam in like manner is also able when generated within the water-plates to rise freely into the steamchamber, into which each plate opens at the top. The water-plates differ from any form of water-tube or water-passage which is connected at one end only to the water-space in the boiler, or which forms a closed passage between two parts of the water-space, as the interior of each water-plate is in complete communication throughout its entire height and across its upper end with the water and steam space, and thus in every sense forms a portion of the same.

The sections are connected at the bottom by an external pipe F with a branch F leading into each of the water-legs near the bottom, and the steam-chambers within the sections are in like manner connected at the top by the pipe G, having a branch leading into each of the steam-chambers. The ends of the pipe G are formed with openings g to discharge the steam, and an outlet is thus furnished to each of the sections, while the pipe also furnishes a common communication between the same.

In a heating system the water or steam which is carried to the radiators is returned to the lower part of the boiler, and the current of circulation through the boiler is thus steadily upward around the fire-box (where the water is highly heated) into the water-leg above the same and into the water-space D.

A water-inlet I is provided near the end of each branch F to receive the return fluid from the heating system.

I am aware that vertical plates have been projected from the water-leg of a boiler into the fire-box; but such plates have not here tofore opened freely at the top into a steamchamber, as in my construction. lVhere such water leg and plates have been connected to a steam chamber or common receiver by thimbles or screwed pipes the passage of the fluid has been unavoidably contracted; but by casting the water-leg and steam-chamber in one piece with the vertical plates D and forming the space within the plates continu ous with that in the steam chamber the steam can pass from the plates to the chamber without the least obstruction. The essential novelty of my construction lies in the connection of the vertical plates equally with the Water-leg and steam-chamber, so that the heated fluid or steam generated in the plates may pass directly into the upper chamber without any obstruction whatever.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim herein is- 1. A water-heating or steam boiler formed of symmetrical vertical sections with a central fire-box in the bottom, each section having a substantially flat-bottomed steam-chamber in the top, with the water-leg extending from the bottom of the fire-box upward into the steam-chamber, and vertical water-plates cast in one piece with the water-leg and steamchamber and opening into both at the outer and upper edges, and projected over the fireboX,and a smoke-outlet flue extended through the top of the boiler, thewhole being provided with water-inlet and steam-outlet, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A water-heating or steam boiler, having semicylindrical vertical sections with a central fire-box in the bottom, with water-leg extending from the bottom of the fire-box upward into the steam-chamber, vertical waterplates cast in one piece with the water-leg and steam-chamber and opening into both throughout the entire length of its outer and upper edges, and projected over the fire-box, and a smoke-outlet flue extended through the top of the boiler upon the joint of the sections, the whole being provided with waterinlet' and steam-outlet, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A water-heating or.steam boiler, com prising two semicylindrical sections having a fire-box within the bottom of the same, and having each a substantially fiat bottomed steam-chamber within the upper part with a semicylindrical water-leg extended downward from the said chamber to the bottom of the fire-box, vertical water-plates connected at their outer edges with the water-leg and with the steam-chamber and projected over the fire-box, and having smoke-spaces between the same, with a passage above the water-plates connecting the smoke spaces with the outlet-flue, substantially as herein set forth.

4. A water-heating or steam boiler, comprising two semicylindrical sections having a fire-box within the bottom of the same, and having each a steam-chamberwithin the upper part with a semicylindrical water-leg extended downward from the steam-chamber to the bottom of the fire-box, vertical waterplates connected at their outer edges with the water-leg and with the steam-chamber and projected over the fire-box, the upper corners of the plates adjacent to the sectionjoint being notched or sloped as described to form a passage for connecting the smoke-spaces betweenthe plates with the outlet-flue, substantially as herein set forth.

5. A water-heating or steam boiler formed of the semicylindrical sections A, A, with the smoke-outlet 0 upon the joint of the sections, and formed each with the steam-chamber B, water-leg O, and water-space D extended to one another over the fire-box E, and having the smoke-spaces d between the water-plates in communication with the smoke-outlet O,

and the external water-pipes F and G forming connections between the sections at the top and bottom, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. A water-heating or steam boiler formed of the semicylindrical sections A, A, with the smoke-outlet 0 upon the joint of the sections, and formed each with the steam-chamber B, water-leg O, and water-plates D extended to one another over the fire-box E, and having the smoke-spaces d between the water-plates in communication with the smoke-outlet O, the water-pipe F connecting the water-legs at the bottom, and the pipe G connecting the steam-chambers at the top, and furnished with the steam-outlets H for the discharge of the steam or water, substantially as herein set forth.

7. A water-heating or steam boiler formed of the semicylindrical sections A, A,with the smoke-outlet 0 upon the joint of the sections, and formed each with the steam-chamber B, water-leg C, and water-plates D extended to one another over the fire-box E, and having the smoke-spaces cl between the water-plates in communication with the smoke-outlet O, the external water-pipes F and G forming connections for circulation between the two sections,and each section being provided with water-inlet I at the bottom and with water or steam outlet g at the top, as herein set forth.

8. A water-heating or steam boiler formed of symmetrical vertical sections, having each a steam-chamber Within the top, with outletflue through the chamber at the center of the same, a central fire-box within the bottom with water-leg extending from the bottom of the fire-box upward into the steam-chamber, vertical water-plates connected at their outer edges with the water-leg and steam-chamber and projected over the fire-box, with the smoke-spaces between the water-plates in communication with the outlet-flue, and loose battle-plates supported between the waterplates over the center of the fire-box to divert the gases toward the sides of the same, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH J. BLAOKMORE.

YVitnesses:

L. LEE, THOMAS S. CRANE. 

